Lop and Me    

Return to the Index

  Index
  Prologue
  The Roper Report
 
    Introduction
    Section 1
    Section 2
    Section 3
    Section 4
    Section 5
    Section 6
    Section 7
    Section 8
    Section 9
    Section 10
    Appendix A
    Appendix B
  Perry's Tale
  Pictorial Record
     

 

  For purely technical reasons, it is impossible in this report to employ the elegant and exact system proposed by Hashimoto for the transcripton of Wlko words and names.

A crude substitute whose sole virtue is its instant convertability into Hashimoto’s system is as follows:

Wlko has four kinds of voiceless sibilant, represented by Hashimoto as ukts, s-wedge, s-dot, and s-acute; two sounds represented as h, with and without a subscript dot; two sounds represented as t with and without a subscript dot. In this work, owing to technical limitations, substitutes have to be found for all of the special symbols. The result is regrettably uncouth in appearance, but this infelicity is preferable by far to alternative expedients such as simply leaving off the diacritics and writing all four sibilants the same, as in some Murdoch reprints.

The dotted letters stand for sounds apparently produced with some sort of muscular compression between the larynx and mouth, parallel to the compressed faucal pillars in some of our languages. This introduces noise into the articulation, but more importantly has the effect of raising the frequency of the F1 and F2 formants. The noise is most apparent naturally in the case of h-dot, which comes close to our notion of a felid "hiss"–a noise of very diffuse distribution, more or less uniformly spread over a range of 900 to 2200 Hz. In the case of all three dotted letters, the main acousting effect is on the quality of the adjacent vowels, as indicated.

In this work, Hashimoto’s symbols with subscript dots are substituted by doubled letters. Thus: tt, hh, ss stand for the letters with dots. Unfortunately, Wlko has some sequences of sounds represented by "plain" letters and these dotted letters; in such cases a dividing virgule will be used, as in the word for a kind of nut, is/sskenu, where the notation given here means that a plain s is followed by s-dot. If the sequence were reversed, the notation would be -ss/s-. In a similar vein, s followed by s-acute, as in s/shukt "open" (vb.). (The sequence s-dot followed by h also occurs, and would be written ss/h.)

The sound represented by Hashimoto as s with an acute accent is acoustically remarkable, consisting of two compact regions of noise, one (slightly less energetic) around 900 to 1200 Hz, and more energetic one between 2900 and 4100 Hz. What the articulatory (organic) basis for this is still obscure, and is one of the greater obstacles to speaking the language intelligibly, since s-acute is not a rare sound. A passable but still imperfect approximation can be achieved by a coarticulation of labiodental and dorsal fricatives, the latter weakly articulated. (Note: in most rupellid dialects, this sound becomes something similar to the th sound of English, viz., a fairly diffuse concentration of sound spread over about 600 Hz centered on 2900 Hz.)

This sound is here transcribed with a capital S.

The sound written s-wedge is acoustically defined by a diffuse noise over 1000 to 3500 Hz but with a distinct concentration of energy around 2000 to 2400 Hz. It is here transcribed sh, which is an invitation to misunderstanding; but as the sound h never follows the sound written s, there should be no problem. (As a corollary, the sequence sshh can only be understood as "s-dot h-dot".)

Note that in Hashimoto’s system, all letters stand for sounds, so that a word like hkekh "admire" consists of a sequence of 5 distinct sounds. A partial exception is an n followed by z, which is in effect a nasalized voiced sibilant. That is, in acoustic terms, kanzha "ear" and kazha "mane" both have five phonetic segments.

Note: the author claims to understand the Wlko language well, but was never able to pronounce it in a fashion readily intelligible to the animals themselves. This has limited the kind of information available to the author, on the one hand; but on the other, since the wlko were (in great part) unaware of his knowledge of the language, they often talked freely in Wlko in his presence.

The author would like to thank the Galactic Council Large Animal Ecology Research Center for substantial grants and other forms of support. If this expedition is more fruitful than my previous one, all thanks are due to Miss Wilma Thayer, whose organizational skills are beyond praise; but especial thanks are due for her seeing to it that my equipment included solar power cells that were tuned to the spectra of the suns of -Draconis.

   
           
           
    <- Cover
Section 1->